抗热裂

通常对粗轧辊以强度、抗热裂为主要要求；小型20辊轧机的工作轧辊重仅 100克左右，而宽厚板轧机的支承辊重量已超过200吨。选用轧辊时首先根据轧机对轧辊的基本强度要求，选定安全承载的主体材料（各种级别的铸铁、铸钢或锻钢等）。

硬度

而精轧辊速度较高，轧制最终产品要有一定的表面质量，对它以硬度、耐磨等为主要要求。然后考虑轧辊使用时所应有的耐磨性。由于轧辊的磨损机理很复杂，包括机械应力作用、轧制时的热作用、冷却作用、润滑介质的化学作用以及其他作用，还没有一项综合评定轧辊抗磨性的统一指标。由于硬度易于测量，并在一定条件下可以反映耐磨性，所以一般就用径向硬度曲线来近似地表述轧辊的耐磨指标。

耐冲击

此外，对轧辊还有一些特殊要求，如压下量大时，要求轧辊有较强的咬入能力，较耐冲击；

光洁度

轧制薄规格产品时，则对轧辊的刚性、组织性能均匀性、加工精度以及表面光洁度等要求较严；

切削性能

轧制复杂断面的型钢时，还要考虑辊身工作层的切削加工性能等。

选用轧辊时，对轧辊的有些性能要求往往是彼此对立的，轧辊购置费和维护费用又很昂贵，所以应充分权衡技术和经济上的利弊，决定用铸的还是锻的，合金的还是非合金的，单一材料的还是复合材料的。

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Resistance to hot cracking

Generally, the rough roll is mainly required for strength and thermal crack resistance; the work roll of the small 20-roll mill has a weight of only about 100 grams, and the weight of the support roll of the wide plate mill has exceeded 200 tons. When selecting the rolls, the main material of the safety bearing (all grades of cast iron, cast steel or forged steel, etc.) is selected according to the basic strength requirements of the rolling mill.

hardness

The finishing roll speed is higher, and the final product to be rolled must have a certain surface quality, and it is mainly required for hardness and wear resistance. Then consider the wear resistance that should be used when the rolls are used. Due to the complex wear mechanism of the rolls, including mechanical stress, thermal action during rolling, cooling, chemical action of the lubricating medium, and other effects, there is no uniform indicator for comprehensive evaluation of roll wear resistance. Since the hardness is easy to measure and can reflect the wear resistance under certain conditions, the radial hardness curve is generally used to approximate the wear resistance index of the roll.

Shock proof

In addition, there are some special requirements for the rolls. For example, when the amount of pressing is large, the rolls are required to have a strong biting ability and are more resistant to impact;

Finish

When rolling thin gauge products, the requirements for the rigidity, uniformity of the structure, processing accuracy and surface finish of the rolls are stricter;

Cutting performance

When rolling a profiled section of a section, it is also necessary to consider the cutting performance of the working layer of the roll body.

When using rolls, some performance requirements of the rolls are often opposite to each other. The roll purchase cost and maintenance cost are very expensive. Therefore, the technical and economic advantages and disadvantages should be fully weighed, and whether the cast or forged, alloy or non-alloy is decided. , single material or composite.